初中化学精品资源下载基地

帮助中心
,您好!有效期: -1 资金余额:
  • 会员中心 | 退出登录
  • 资金余额:
  • 可用:
  • 经验积分:
  • 待阅短信:
  • 待签文章:
  • 登录次数:

当前位置:首页 > 教学参考> 化学广角> 化学前沿 > 内容详情

2012化学中考最新时事热点---危险的PM2.5颗粒

作者:czhxzx  人气: 1362 次  时间:2012年06月19日  星级:

秋冬交界时节,我国北方地区灰霾天气频发,被称为灰霾“元凶”的细颗粒物(PM2.5)受到空前关注,有关我国现行的空气质量分级标准也引发了一系列热议,PM2.5和PM10这两种空气监测标准也进入公众视野。从民间到专家都在呼吁政府尽早出台PM2.5的检测标准,并及时公布对其的监测结果。
一、什么是PM2.5颗粒
PM2.5颗粒在空气动力学中是指大气中直径小于或等于2.5微米的颗粒物,也称为可入肺颗粒物,其直径还不到人的头发丝粗细的1/20。与较粗的大气颗粒物相比,PM2.5粒径小,富含大量的有毒、有害物质且在大气中的停留时间长、输送距离远,因而对人体健康和大气环境质量的影响更大。专家们表示:按照世界卫生组织的评价标准,如果将PM2.5纳入国家环境质量监控体系,全国空气质量达标 的城市会从现在的80%下降到20%。
 二、PM2.5颗粒物的危害与来源
可吸入颗粒物是对人体健康危害最大的颗粒物质,可吸入颗 粒物直径越小就越危险。直径10微米以上的颗粒物会被挡在人的鼻子外面;直径在2.5微米至10微米之间的颗粒物,能够进入上呼吸道,但部分可通过痰液等排出体外,另外也会被鼻腔内部的绒毛阻挡,对人体健康危害相对较小;而粒径在2.5微米以下的细颗粒物即PM2.5颗粒不易被阻挡,被吸入人 体后会直接进入支气管,干扰肺部的气体交换,引发包括哮喘、支气管炎和心血管病等方面的疾病。这些颗粒还可以通过支气管和肺泡进入血液,其中的有害气体、重金属等溶解在血液中,对人体健康的伤害更大。
..............

 

 

下载word文档压缩附件(.rar)

用户评论

(以下评论仅代表网友意见,与本站立场无关)

网友评论共 7
[{"id":1222,"name":"电子课本","url":"/Category_1222/Index.aspx","target":"_self",children: [{"id":210,"name":"人教版电子课本","url":"/hxzx/dzkb/rjbdzkb/","target":"_self"},{"id":211,"name":"鲁教版电子课本","url":"/hxzx/dzkb/ljbdzkb/","target":"_self"},{"id":212,"name":"沪教版电子课本","url":"/hxzx/dzkb/hjbdzkb/","target":"_self"},{"id":213,"name":"粤教版电子课本","url":"/hxzx/dzkb/yjbdzkb/","target":"_self"}] },{"id":1607,"name":"教学研究","url":"/hxzx/jxyj/","target":"_self",children: [{"id":1614,"name":"教学论文","url":"/hxzx/jxyj/jxlw/","target":"_self"},{"id":1615,"name":"教法指导","url":"/hxzx/jxyj/jfzd/","target":"_self"},{"id":1616,"name":"课题研究","url":"/hxzx/jxyj/ktyj/","target":"_self"},{"id":1617,"name":"教学随笔","url":"/hxzx/jxyj/jxsb/","target":"_self"}] },{"id":1606,"name":"考试大纲","url":"/hxzx/ksdg/","target":"_self",children: [{"id":1612,"name":"中考大纲","url":"/hxzx/ksdg/zkdg/","target":"_self"},{"id":1613,"name":"课程标准","url":"/hxzx/ksdg/kcbz/","target":"_self"}] },{"id":1608,"name":"备课参考","url":"/hxzx/bkck/","target":"_self",children: [{"id":1618,"name":"参考资料","url":"/hxzx/bkck/ckzl/","target":"_self"},{"id":1691,"name":"化学图库","url":"/Category_1691/Index.aspx","target":"_self"}] },{"id":1609,"name":"实验探究","url":"/hxzx/sytj/","target":"_self",children: [{"id":1620,"name":"科学探究","url":"/hxzx/sytj/kxtj/","target":"_self"},{"id":1621,"name":"化学实验室","url":"/hxzx/sytj/hxsys/","target":"_self"}] },{"id":1610,"name":"化学广角","url":"/hxzx/hxgj/","target":"_self",children: [{"id":1622,"name":"化学前沿","url":"/hxzx/hxgj/hxqy/","target":"_self"},{"id":1623,"name":"化学学家","url":"/hxzx/hxgj/hxxj/","target":"_self"}] },{"id":1611,"name":"学生园地","url":"/hxzx/xsyd/","target":"_self",children: [{"id":1624,"name":"趣味化学","url":"/hxzx/xsyd/qwhx/","target":"_self"},{"id":1625,"name":"生活科普","url":"/hxzx/xsyd/shkp/","target":"_self"},{"id":1626,"name":"复习策略","url":"/hxzx/xsyd/fxcl/","target":"_self"},{"id":1627,"name":"学习指导","url":"/hxzx/xsyd/xxzd/","target":"_self"}] }]